Derrick Henry carried the ball 46 times for Bama on Saturday. All-time NFL record? 45 carries by Jamie Morris in 1988. Link:
http://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/rush_att_single_game.htm
Many studies on the over-use of running backs exist. Good article on the subject (and the fall-off of an RB's effectiveness after a season of overuse):
http://www.footballdocs.com/running_back_carries.html
MOD EDIT - Closing thread, "agree to disagree" gif.